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Alkanes & Alkenes
Storyboard Text
- Skluzavka: 1
- Substitution Reaction (only occur in alkanes)
- Definition: one atom or group of atoms is replaced by another atom or group of atoms
- Let’s illustrate this with an example!
- H
- UV light
- H
- —
- —
- H
- — C —
- Cl
- — C —
- —
- Cl2
- HCl
- +
- Cl2
- +
- H
- H
- —
- —
- Chloromethane
- H
- H
- Chlorine
- Methane
- Skluzavka: 2
- Addition Reaction (only occur in alkenes)
- Definition: turning an unsaturated alkene into a saturated compound with only one product.
- Bromine water is used to test the presence of unsaturated bonds in organic molecules.
- Let’s talk about the test for unsaturated bonds!
- Alkene: bromine water change from orange-brown to colourless
- H
- H
- H
- H
- —
- —
- 1,2 dibromoethane
- —
- —
- —
- C — C
- Br2
- H
- —
- +
- H
- —
- C=C
- —
- —
- —
- —
- H
- H
- Br
- Br
- Alkane: bromine water stay orange-brown
- Bromine water is used to test the presence of unsaturated bonds in organic molecules.
- Skluzavka: 3
- Polymerisation (only occur in alkenes)
- Double bonds in molecules break and the molecules add on to each other. Let me give you an example!
- H
- H
- |
- n
- C=C
- —
- (
- H
- H
- |
- H
- H
- |
- |
- |
- C — C
- C=C
- |
- |
- |
- Polymer: large molecules built up from small molecules
- n
- H
- H
- Poly(ethene)
- Ethene
- Monomer: small molecules
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