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- John Adams(former President)
- I want YOU to be my judge.
- I wont let you down!
- William Marbury
- James Madison(Secretary of State)
- Thomas Jefferson(new president)
- You are too late! I do not want federalists. James Madison will not be delivering the commissions.
- Here is the new commission for all of the new judges Mr. Jefferson
- John Marshall(new Chief Justice)
- My friend told me the Supreme Court can write a Writ of Mandamus. Can you please write me one to give me the commission as a federal judge.
- I'll see what I can do for you.
- John Adams ran to be re-elected but he lost to Thomas Jefferson. John Adams in his last few weeks in office decided to appoint many judges. One being the federalist William Marbury.
- The Supreme Court is suspended for 1 full year.And if you decide this case in the wrong way, there will be consequences.
- When Thomas Jefferson was in his inauguration, he realized the commissions for the federalist judges were not delivered yet when John Marshall brought them to him. So he would have his new Secretary of State James Madison not deliver them. So the Judges would not be appointed.
- The Judiciary Act of 1789 is unconstitutional!
- William Marbury was upset that he was not commissioned into being a federal Judge. So he asked the Supreme Court if they could write him a Writ of Mandamus, which is a mandate. John Marshall, the Chief Justice at the time wanted Marbury to be commissioned, but he was surrounded by anti-federalists who did not want him.
- The supreme court should hold the power when it comes to the constitution!
- John Marshall's dilemma was that if he ruled that President Jefferson had to turn over the commissions, James Madison and President Jefferson would ignore the Supreme Court order. Making the Supreme Court inferior branch.But Marshall realized that it was illegal for them to not execute the commissions. Allowing Marbury to sue.
- Marbury was the plaintiff during the sue, making Madison the defendant. John Marshall previously looked into the Judiciary Act of 1789 and noticed the Writ of Mandamus is an expansion of original jurisdiction under the constitution. He realized it was unconstitutional, reasoning that it essentially amends the U.S constitution. Directly conflicting with Article III section II in the U.S constitution. 
- As a result, John Marshall declared a law that congress is unconstitutional. Establishing the precedent of judicial review. Which is where only the supreme court can say what the law is. This case defined the actual power the the U.S supreme court holds over all other courts and branches. The supreme court today is able to interpret what the law is, because of Marbury vs Madison.
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