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- French philosopher Auguste Comte (1798–1857) is known as the founder of Positivism and is credited with coining the term sociology. Comte helped shape and expand the field of sociology and placed a great deal of emphasis on his work on systematic observation and social order.
- German economics professor Max Weber (1864–1920) was a founding figure of the field of sociology and is considered one of the most famous sociologists in history. He is known for his thesis of the Protestant Ethic, described in The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism published in 1904 and elaborated in 1922's Sociology of Religion, as well as his ideas on bureaucracy.
- He was one of the first to study methodological antipositivism.
- German political economist Karl Marx (1818–1883) is one of the most famous figures in the founding of sociology. He is known for his theory of historical materialism, which focuses on the way social order, like class structure and hierarchy, emerges out of the economic system of a society. He theorized this relationship as a dialectic between the base and superstructure of society. Some of his notable works, like The Manifesto of the Communist Party.
- Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and in a 1999 BBC poll he was voted the thinker of the millennium by people from around the world.
- W.E.B. Du Bois was an American sociologist best known for his scholarship on race and racism in the aftermath of the U.S. Civil War. He was the first African-American to earn a doctorate degree from Harvard University and served as the head of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1910. His most notable works include The Souls of Black Folk, in which he advanced his theory of double consciousness, and his massive tome on the social structure of U.S. society, Black Reconstruction.
- Festinger developed several key psychological theories . His theory of cognitive dissonance was the indirect result of an earthquake. Festinger learned that Indian earthquake victims were terrified that a much bigger earthquake was coming, despite evidence to the contrary. Festinger believed that people bought these rumors because they served to justify fear that was already present. From this belief, Festinger developed the theory of cognitive dissonance, which is the state of discomfort a person experiences when he or she holds two conflicting beliefs
- That's all, I hope you learned something !
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