The Ionian Revolt occurred after the Persian Army took over Ionia and this caused outrage as the Ionians didn't want to be enslaved. So they revolted and when Athens heard about this they sent help to the Ionians and this made the Persian King say that he would burn Athens to the ground and start the Persian War.
Salamis
So long Persians
When 25,000 Persians attacked a small but mighty force of 10,000 Athenians in the battle of Marathon many thought that the Athenians would be annihilated but amazingly they held their ground and beat the Persians. Inflicting 6,000 casualties into the Persians while only having 200 themselves. They were able to deal with this crushing of a blow because they had heavy armor and they were in their powerful phalanx formation while the Persians were in much thinner and weaker armor and they couldn't break the Athenian Line. After the battle to make sure the Athenians didn't surrender Pheidippides ran over 26 miles back to Athens with the news.
The Battle of Thermopylae was fought between the combined greek forces and the Persian Empire. The City State of Sparta sent 300 of their best warriors with 6-7000 other greek warriors to the pass at Thermopylae and met the entire Persian army head-on in the pass. Their attacker was Xerxes who is the son of Darius the Great who was defeated by the Greeks at Marathon and wanted revenge. They held out for 3 days until someone betrayed them and showed Xerxes a path around the mountain. The Spartans fought to the death in that pass to give the greeks time to escape and get renforcements.
The Battle of Salamis was the decisive battle of the Persian Wars. It was an ingenious plan by Themistocles to draw the big Persians into the narrow strait of Salamis where the greek ships were able to destroy them with their battering rams. They were able to do this because their ships were small and quick while the Persians had big ships that couldn't maneuver easily in the tight channel. This battle destroyed the Persian fleet and sent them back to Persia ending the war.
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