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- Acids and bases
- Hello Class! Welcome to the first class of Grade 6, Chemistry!Today we will be learning about acids and a little bit about bases. So let's begin!
- First let's begin with what are acids.Acids are corrosive liquids which taste sour. They fizz when they touch solids and burn skin.Their pH is less than 7. Can Lucy and Sam tell me some examples?
- Vinegar is also an example!
- How dangerous the liquid is depends on its pH. Acids are below 7 and Bases are above. The examples given are weak acids as they have a pH more than other dangerous acids.
- ACIDSAcids are corrosive liquidsSour in taste.Fizzes when they come in contact with solids Burn when they touch the skin.pH is less than 7Blue litmus paper turns red
- Some examples are grapes, tomatoes, ketchup, coffee, tamarind, soda, lemons and oranges and many more.
- But Ma'am, none of the examples Lucy and Sam gave are dangerous or corrosive. Why?
- Let's learn about the types of acids.
- Organic acids are acids made by animals or plants, like:Citric Acid (Lemons)Malic Acid (Apples)Oxalic Acid (Tomatoes)Formic Acid (Ant Stings)
- There are so many different acids! But how do we find out whether a chemical is an acid or a base?
- Inorganic acids are acid found in chemicals and minerals and not in organisms:Sulfuric AcidNitric AcidHydrochloric AcidCarbonic AcidPhosphouric Acid
- We use indicators such as litmus paper, red cabbage, phenopthalein and methyl to do this. They all contain a substance called anthocyanine which changes colour to show the acidity of a substance.
- When an acid and a base mix there is a chemical reaction, where both of them try to neutralize each other and create a product.
- Exactly!
- Good job! Now let me tell you a little bit about bases. Bases are the opposites of acids. They are slippery, bitter and caustic when strong. Their pH is greater than 7.
- But what happens when we mix an acid and a base together?
- That's water and salt. When the soap and hydrochloric acid mix, they produce water, salt and some heat.
- Oh! Looks like its the end of today's session! Bye everyone! See you tomorrow!
- Let's try an experiment! For this experiment we will use hydrochloric acid, the acid in our stomach and soap. Let's see what happens when we mix them together.
- SOAP
- Woahhh! When they mix, they turn into this liquid and powder! There's even some steam.
- HYDRO-CHLORIC ACID
- RING! RING!
- Bye Ma'am!
- Hi Mom! Today was amazing! Guess what I learnt about in Chemistry today?
- I learnt about acids and bases! We even did an experiment and found what happens when you mix an acid and a base together! It was really fun!
- Okay.
- What?
- That's wonderful! Shall we go home? You can tell me all about your day there.
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