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Amerikos Literatūros Judesiai - Charakteristikos Laikotarpiai

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Amerikos literatūros Judesiai - Charakteristikos laikotarpių. Sužinokite daugiau apie Amerikos literatūros ir Amerikos autorių per istorijos

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  • AMERICAN LITERARY MOVEMENTS
  • Native American (Tradition)
  • SETTING
  • HOMES
  • PEOPLE
  • TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCEMENTS
  • Puritanism or Colonial (1620-1750)
  • The primary setting for Native American literature is in, or around, nature.
  • Indian homes varied depending on geography. Tepees were common in the north and plains region as the people followed changing of seasons or movement of a herd.
  • Native Americans were known for living off the land and for their rich spiritual traditions.
  • The technology of American Indians varied by tribe. However, pottery and weaponry, such as the bow and spearhead, were standard items used to cook and hunt with.​
  • The most popular colonial settings were the colonies of Plymouth Plantation in Massachusetts and Jamestown, Virginia. These colonists helped settle the east coast.
  • Homes were traditional wood or stone structures. Often kitchens would be located on top of a small stream for easy water access. They would also include a hearth for cooking.
  • "Puritans" were a religious group who left England, seeking to purify the church. Most were devout Christians making the church​ the center of the settlement.
  • The colonists were farmers who raised crops and livestock to survive. In some narratives, colonists were aided by the Native Americans, who taught them basic skills for survival.
  • Revolutionary, Age of Reason, Enlightenment (1750-1800)
  • Romanticism, American Gothic (1800-1865)
  • Many of the American settings in this era center around large cities such as Boston and Philadelphia.
  • Colonial style architecture​ became more common as the population grew.
  • The people of this time focused on understanding and knowledge. During the Enlightenment, men looked at science to better understand the world.
  • As part of the Revolutionary period, important advances included expansion of shipping trade and establishment of government.
  • Transcendentalism (1840-1860)
  • This genre's focus is on the macabre or supernatural. Settings ranged geographically. Exploration of time and space were innovations​ in fiction.
  • During this period, home styles were differentiated by setting. Urban homes were commonly townhouse style, while rural homes remained farm oriented.
  • During this period, there was a large increase of female writers. People during this time became consumers of literature as well as goods.
  • Magazines, books, and other printed sources became widespread, as printing​ and distribution to the masses became easier.
  • The primary setting focused on spirituality and nature.
  • Homes during this period were traditional, with the added notion that it should be close to nature, and that it was built or kept by dignity of manual labor.
  • This era had many philosophical beliefs: the ​need for intellectual companions, closeness with God, democracy, individuality, and finding knowledge through intuition.
  • This movement coincided with the height of the Industrial Revolution and the lead-up to Civil War. Social advances for women and the abolition of slavery were important subjects.
  • Realism, Naturalism & Regionalism (1865-1930)
  • Modernism (1914-1945)
  • Settings are frequently remote and inaccessible. They were very segregated by geographic location, the North vs. the South for example.
  • Homes were traditional and mimicked the values and customs of the area. Depending on location homes varied, but remained stereotypical examples of homes in the region.
  • People of this time were often seen as stereotypes of their region. They typically follow traditions, adhere to dialect, and exhibit expected personality traits.
  • The reconstruction of the US after the Civil War and the continual growth of industry were major advancements.
  • Jazz Age, 20’s & Harlem Renaissance (1917-1937)
  • Settings varied and were often chosen because of connections with the audience.
  • Homes of this era begin to resemble modern houses in many places. Single family homes in small towns are common.
  • During this time WWI & WWII both began and ended. American's had a sense of national pride, mixed with disillusionment from these large-scale wars.
  • A new advancement in science was the study of psychology. It appears frequently throughout the era's writing.
  • Major settings include large cities.
  • Homes were portrayed as lavish and prime for hosting over-the-top parties. During this time prohibition outlawed drinking, therefore, many people frequented speakeasies.
  • Women in this era were often depicted with boyish haircuts, smoking, and drinking with men. Sex and sexuality were no longer such taboo subjects.
  • Despite the effects of the Great Depression, Americans were manufacturing and creating infrastructure that are still in place today.
  • Beat Generation (1950-1965)
  • Contemporary/Postmodernism (1950-Present)
  • Settings during this era included college campuses and coffee shops. Quaint, small settings for collaboration​ and intimacy were valued.
  • Homes of this time period differed by region and location. However, by the end of this movement cookie-cutter style homes in communities were being established rapidly.
  • People during this period saw themselves as individuals, breaking away from they stereotypes of previous generations. Sex and sexuality also became a common topic.
  • During this time, technology changed rapidly. Advancements were in electronics, such as the introduction of the transistor radio, the computer chip, and fiber-optics. ​
  • Settings range broadly from fictional and fantastic, to natural or traditional places.
  • Homes became centers for immediate​ family and child rearing. Suburban communities expanded significantly.
  • After the devastation of two world wars, many became less religious or traditional. They embraced irony and believed that innovation in literature was finished.
  • Technology in postmodernism was heavily geared towards the consumer. Inventions like the TV, internet, and cell phones connected people while also isolating them.
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