The seasons change because the earth is a a tilt, the earths axis is at a 23.5-degree tilt, this means that one side gets more sunlight than the other, as we can see in the diagram, we see that most of the light is going to the southern hemisphere and not the northern in this diagram. They experience opposite seasons because when one side is facing the sun, the other is tilted away, additionally the southern hemisphere means that there is more total area covered by light, making the days longer. Because there is more daytime the southern hemisphere is warmer in this set-up
Earth is at a 23.5 degree tilt
More explanation in next tile
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Sunlight is hitting at an angle
Sunlight is hitting directly
Sunlight is more concentrated when it is a straight line, rather than an angle. This means that the southern hemisphere is getting more direct sunlight in this model because of earths axial tilt, this means that the southern hemisphere will be warmer with longer days.
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Equinoxes are when the sun is directly above the equator, resulting in day and night being equal
We have two equinoxes, The spring equinox, which is March 20/21 and the Autumn equinox which is September 20/21
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