Biology: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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Biology: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
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  • Glucose
  • Glucose
  • ATP
  • During photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and used to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. The oxygen is released into the air and the glucose is stored inside of the plant. All of this happens inside the chloroplast.
  • Cellular respiration happened in mitochondria. Inside the mitochondria, oxygen and glucose are used to make water, ATP, and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is released out of the cell and the ATP is used throughout the cell as needed and is then recycled into ADP. Fermentation is cellular respiration without oxygen, but it produces 18 times less ATP.
  • Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are reversed of one another. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration and vise versa.
  • Passive transport is transport that does not need any energy. Diffusion is a type of passive transport. It is where small molecules like oxygen pass from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. Similar to diffusion, osmosis is water passing from a high concentration to a low concentration.
  • Active transport is transport that needs the energy to happen. Two examples of this are endocytosis and exocytosis. Endocytosis takes things into the cell, such as a white blood cell enveloping bacteria to kill it. Exocytosis is excreating something out of a cell such as waste.
  • Both active and passive transport is very important for homeostasis. Passive transport may be more convenient for the cell because it does not require ATP, but it is not as controlled. During osmosis, too much water could be let into the cell causing it to burst to prevent homeostasis. This is why both are needed to keep life on Earth.
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