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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war in 1848. Mexico gave up New Mexico and California, and the United States paid $15 million. Mexico also recognized the U.S. claim to all of Texas and the disputed border. The land gained later became California, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, and Wyoming.
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EQ:The Mexican-American War complicated the issue of slavery because the enormous new territory gained from Mexico created a national argument about whether slavery should expand west. Northerners suspected that President Polk, a Southerner, wanted the new land to strengthen the slaveholding South. Southerners hoped slavery would spread into the new states, while many Northerners insisted that slavery should not expand at all. Every new territory had the potential to upset the careful balance between free states and slave states in Congress. Because of this, the land gained through the war made the debate over slavery much more intense and pushed the United States closer to the Civil War.

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