Montesquieu: Direct democracy can work in small places, but large states need structure. That is why I support separation of powers.Voltaire: Explain it simply, my friend. Not everyone here is a lawyer.Montesquieu: Divide government into three branches: one to make laws, one to enforce them, and one to judge. Each branch can limit the others.Rousseau: At least that keeps one ruler from controlling everything.
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Rousseau: It is a social contract. People agree to follow the laws, and in return the government must protect their freedom and equality.Voltaire: And if rulers are unjust, writers and philosophers must expose them with reason Montesquieu: And the people should be able to change their government when it fails to protect their rights.
So, what is the deal between the people and their rulers?
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Voltaire: Freedom of speech and freedom of religion are essential.Montesquieu: Separation of powers and fair laws prevent tyranny.Rousseau: And true authority comes from the people and the general will.
Tonight in my salon, I have heard powerful Enlightenment ideas:
Government should serve the people, power must be limited and divided, and citizens have natural rights.
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