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  • Slide: 1
  • 1. OVERVIEW - CELLULAR RESPIRATION
  • CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS HOW CELLS BREAK DOWN GLUCOSE TO FORM ATP ENERGY. IT OCCORS IN A SERIES OF STEPS WHICH WE WILL GO THOUGH.
  • THE KEY STAGES: 1. GLYCOLYSIS 2. PYRUVATE OXIDATION3. KREB CYCLE 4. OXIDAATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
  • Slide: 2
  • 2. GLYCOLYSIS PYRUVATE OXIDATION
  • GLYCOLYSIS GLUECOSE -> 2 PYRUVATE
  • PYRUVATE OXIDATION - DECARBOYYLATION (REMOVES CO2) - REDOX REACTION (NAD+ -> NADH + H+) - ADDITION OF CoA (ACETYL-CoA)
  • EACH DIAGRAM SHOWS 1 PYRUVATE, BUT REMEMBER 1 GLUCOSE = 2 PYRUVATE
  • GLYCOLYSIS OCCORS IN THE CYTOPLASM WHERE GLUCOSE IS THEN SPLIT INTO 2 PYRUVATE MOLECULES. THE PYRUVATE THEN LEAVES AND ENTERS THE MITOCHONDRIA BY ACTIVE TRANSPORT 
  • Slide: 3
  • IN PUTACETYL-CoA + 4-CARBON MOLECULE
  • KREBS CYCLE
  • MAIN OUTPUTS(PER GLUCOSE)- 6 NADH - 2 FADH2-2 ATP - 4CO2
  • THIS CYCLE HAPPENS TWICE PER GLUCOSE (1 GLUCOSE = 2 PYRUVATE)
  • THE KREB CYCLE OCCORS IN THE MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX. ACETYL-COA ENTERS THE CYCLE AND COMBINES WITH A 4-CARBON MOLECULE TO CREATE A CITRATE. DURING A SERIES OF REACTIONS, CO2 IS RELEASED AND NADH, FADH2, AND ATP ARE PRODUCED.