Meiosis
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- Could you explain mitosis and meiosis from science class today?
- Mitosis is cell division that forms two daughter cells each with the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is cell division forms four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
- And haploid cells have a single set of chromosomes and diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes.
- Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46. One pair is sex chromosomes. These are the X chromosome and the Y chromosome.
- Stages of meiosisProphase I: chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down, crossing-over occursMetaphase I: Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell.Telophase I cytokinesis: Chromosomes gather at the poles of the cells. The cytoplasm divides.
- Prophase II: chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down, crossing-over occursMetaphase II: Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.Anaphase II: Homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell.Telophase II cytokinesis: Chromosomes gather at the poles of the cells. The cytoplasm divides.
- Crossing-over is when the pair of chromosomes of the same type, are lined up. Genetic variation helps increase a population to survive. It helps reduce inheritance of negative traits of a population. Genetic variation during a disease pandemic helps prevent the susceptibility to a disease wiping out an entire population. Also survival traits may be introduced in the population.
- I didn't think of that!
- Thanks for all your help today. I really learned a lot!
- Glad I could help. See you at the game tonight!
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