Lincoln was elected with only 40 percent popular vote.
The Confederacy
Reactions to Secession
Presidential Responses
Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia had joined South Carolina and seceded. They met in Montgomery, Alabama, on February 4 to form a new nation and government. They called themselves the Confederate States of America. Jefferson Davis, a senator from Mississippi was chosen as their president. The south justified secession with the argument of state rights. They said the states voluntarily chose to enter the Union. They said the Constitution was a contract of the states independence and that the national government had violated that contract.
Most southerners welcomed secession. They rang church bells, fired cannons, and celebrated in the streets. Some abolitionists in the North preferred to allow the Southern states to leave.
Lincoln wasn't president yet James Buchanan's term ran until March 4, 1861. Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, And Arkansas were still in the Union even though they are slave states.