Hammurabis code was very harsh. for example if you were in a fight and took your oponents eye out, your eye would be taken out too.
King Nabopolassar, a Chaldean, (Chaldea was a region of southern Mesopotamia), helped to conquer the Assyrian capital of Nineveh in 606 B.C.E. and used the opportunity to establish his own kingdom in Babylon.
The rule of the Babylonian kings contrasts favorably with the rule of the Assyriankings who destroyed the first Babylonian Empire and left a legacy of war and destruction.