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  • CENTRAL DOGMA:This process goes from DNA to RNA to a protein.
  • TRANSCRIPTION:These are the four DNA bases, and they are copied during transcription. A is always paired with T, and G is always paired with C. To copy DNA into RNA, a mediator protein complex transports the enzyme RNA polymerase between the strands of the DNA double helix. RNA is structured similarly to DNA, but instead of T, it has U, which also pairs with A.
  • Adenine
  • Guanine
  • DNARNA
  • Cytosine
  • Thymine
  • 
  • A T G A T C T C G T A AT A C T A G A G C A T T
  • Uracil
  • Hello, Nucleus here! Today we'll be exploring The Central Dogma!
  • Separation of the DNA strands is followed by RNA polymerase synthesis of an RNA molecule in the 5' to 3' direction using one of the DNA strands as a template. Transcription begins at the promoter and continues through the coding region to the terminator.
  • A T G A T C T C G T A AA U G A U C U T A C T A G A G C A T T
  • 3' 5' 5' 3'
  • RNA
  • DNA
  • promoter
  • terminator
  • TRANSLATION:An mRNA molecule is ready to direct protein synthesis after transcription. Translation is the process of using information from an mRNA to construct a polypeptide. The first step is initiation, in which the ribosome gathers around the mRNA to be read and the first tRNA (carrying methoinine that matches the start codon, AUG). This is known as the initiation complex and is required for translation to begin.
  • A U G A U C U C G U A A
  • Met Ile Ser Stop
  • mRNA (messenger RNA)Polypeptide
  • A U G A U C U C G U A A
  • Elongation is the next step. Elongation is the process by which the amino acid chain grows longer. The mRNA is read one codon at a time, and the amino acid chain matches each codon, resulting in the formation of a protein chain!
  • Met Ile
  • Ser
  • mRNAcodonamino acid (polypeptide)tRNA
  • The final step is the release of the completed polypeptide chain. When a stop codon (in this case, UAA) enters the ribosome, a series of events occurs that separates the chain from its tRNA, allowing the entire polypeptide to be released and drift away from the ribosome..
  • A U G A U C U C G U A A
  • Met Ile Ser Stop
  • Release factor
  • Okay, kids, that's all for today. I hope you gained more knowledge about the Central Dogma and what is now occurring inside your bodies. On Alex Bacani Science Stories, see you later!
  • The End
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