Two main types of cells, Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells contain certain structures that are not found in Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell, in other words, it produces energy for the cell
The chloroplast's main job is to produce light energy into storable chemical energy, which is also called photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Today, Mitochondrion and chloroplast are considered organelles or structures of Eukaryotic cells that aren't part of prokaryotic cells. However, billions of years ago, mitochondrion and chloroplast were free living prokaryotic cells
The mitochondrion and chloroplast free living cells may have ended up inside another prokaryotic cell from being eaten by that cell
Instead of the killing the larger cell or be digested, the eaten cells survive and live off of the larger cell. Since this happened so long ago, the large cell and the eaten cells have been able to evolve together and not survive without the other.
This process is what scientists now call the Endosymbiotic Theory of how different prokaryotic cells merged into what are now known as Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic Cells
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