Before the Haitian Revolution, the Native Haitian people were forced into slavery. Then, they were killed by European diseases. So, with their slaves dead, the French began importing slaves from Africa to continue the production of the profitable Haitian goods.
Welcome to Haiti before the Haitian Revolution! I will be your guide, taking you through the Haitian Revolution.
The amount of profitable goods in Haiti caused it to be the wealthiest overseas colony. The mixture of slave ethnicity caused a rich cultural history to develop. Haiti also had a strict social hierarchy. The white elites were at the top, making up 3 percent of the population. Next came the common whites, making up 3-6 percent of the population. Then came the freed slaves, making up 5 percent of the population. Finally, the slaves made up 85-87 percent of the population.
Also, Haiti had the most brutal slave conditions at the time. Haiti followed Code Noir, a system of laws defining the treatment of slaves. This included beating, burning, and mutilations in order to intimidate the slaves and keep their power over the slaves.
Before the Haitian Revolution
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Leading up to the Haitian Revolution, all the slaves were talking about the Enlightenment and the other revolutions happening at the time.
So, the Haitian slaves revolted.
The French are revolting right now. We could rebel. They don't have the resources right now to come fight back strong. They're busy fighting their wars in Europe.
Did you hear about the American Revolution? They got their independence from Great Britain!
What about us? Where's our independence? France wants to act all enlightened but we don't have liberty or equality!
Building up to the Haitian Revolution
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Toussaint L'Ouverture received a request from the French for a formal meeting of adversaries. He intended to attend this meeting, but was captured, arrested, and deported to France, where he died in prison.
Then, L'Ouverture's lieutenant declared independence from France less than a year later, marking the Haitian Revolution as the first successful slave revolt in recorded history.
During the Haitian Revolution
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