Industriel organisation er et studieområde, der undersøger forskellene mellem den "perfekte" konkurrence blandt virksomheder, der findes i økonomibøger og den "ufuldkomne" konkurrence, der findes i den virkelige verden. Et værktøj, der stammer fra feltet, er Michael Porters "fem kræfter" -analyse, lige fra begyndelsen af sin seminalbog, Competitive Strategy. Porter udviklede analysen af fem kræfter som en mere stringent variation af den meget brugte SWOT-analyse. Rammen fokuserer på niveauet for konkurrence inden for en industri for at vurdere virksomhedens strategiske position. I modsætning til SWOT-analysen undersøger de fem kræfter erhvervsmiljøet i stedet for at undersøge et bestemt firma selv. Sammen med PEST-analysen graver den dybere ind i mulighederne og truslerne i SWOT.
An analysis of competition in the widget industry using Porter's Five forces framework.
Storyboard Tekst
Glide: 1
Rivalry
• The widget market is well established and saturated; growth is slow• Commoditization of widgets leads to very low customer loyalty
Glide: 2
Subsitution
WIDGET! Get yours today!
All new!
• Widgets are traditional• Alternatives lack the flexibility of widgets• Wodgets are the most common substitute.• Smart-widgets could become a threat.
Glide: 3
Sellers
All others
Acme Corp.
XYZ Minerals
• Acme Corp. currently supplies 53% of all raw materials for widgets• All widget raw materials are commodities• Cost of raw materials constitute 1/3 of costs
Glide: 4
Buyers
• Consumer-grade widget distribution highly fragmented• Widgets are nonessential• Buyers are very price sensitive
Glide: 5
New Entrants
• Facilities require capital investment• Increasing returns to scale• Threats most likely to originate from a large manufacturer diversifying