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- Hello Callisthenes! I am visiting from the future to see the world-reknown Parthenon.
- Hmmm... Sounds interesting... So, did the Ancient Greeks worship inside of it?
- Hello! I am very glad you are visiting. You see, the Parthenon is an amazing building. It was built in around 447 BC, by Pericles. The architects are myself, and Iktinos, my dear friend. It was built for Athena Parthenos, the virgin godess.
- No, worhsip didn't take place in Greek temples. Instead, the temples were built as a home to a statue of a god or godess.#160;
- Well, the Parthenon was actually the first building to be constructed in the Acropolis. It was built right on top of the previous Parthenon, which had been bombarded by the Ottomans. Pericles assigned the artist Phidias as overseer of the building works. He decided to decorate the temple with elaborate sculptures. The Parthenon consists of a rectangular stylobate or simply base, measuring 69 metres in length, and 31 metres in width, and 11 metres in height. It includes 46 columns, 8 in its two facades, and 17 along its other 2 sides.
- Oh, all right. What about its construction?
- Oh, wow! That really does sound very interesting! How did you make the Parthenon so symmetrical?
- Every single bit of the Parthenon was built from Pentelic marble, in both the Doric and Ionic style. This means that it has no base, a capital, a frieze containing metopes and triglyphs, fluting, and 4 Ionic Columns supporting the roof of the opisthodomos. The opisthodomos is the back porch.
- Oh, well that just is a trick of the eye. Although the Parthenon does look symmetrical, none of the fluting is completely straight, none of the columns are identical, and they aren't placed in equal distance from each other. The columns have a diameter of 2 metres at the bottom, then they open up a little bit, but then the narrow down to 1.5 metres in diameter. Also, the base is curved upwards, in order to drain the water away. Now, since pyramis are the stronger 3D shape, we can tell why the Parthenon is so perfectly untouched by earthquakes etc. Above the columns, is the frieze, which is decorated with engravings which showed the preparation of the procession towards the Acropolis. These took place during the great Panathenaia, a festival in honour of Athena.#160;#160;The Panathenaea is held on the 28th of July. During the festival, a large squarecloth called a peplos is transferred to the Acropolis.
- And what about the pediments?
- On the pediments, the triangular bit represents the birth of Athena from the head of Zeus, and the contest between Athena and Poseidon for the role of patron of Athens. The sculptures were made by Phidias himself. Inside the temple, there are two rooms. The west one is used as a treasury, where we keep the contributions of the Delian League, as well as the private resources of wealthy Athenians. However, the east room is the central part of the temple. It is 33 metres in length. At the end of the room, there is an altar in honour of the godess Athena with a statue made of gold and ivory.
- Wow, how impressive!
- The Parthenon took 10 years to build, although Phidias didn't finish decorating it until last year. As you can see, the Parthenon has very colourful decorations!
- Hello! Who are you?
- Alright, what are your questions?
- I am also from the future, like you.#160;
- Who had the idea to build the Parthenon?
- Well, it was a man called Pericles. Pericles is a politician who has created many laws for Athens. When he started building the Parthenon, the aristocrats objected to such use of money. They believed that by giving away this money, the allies would believe that tyranny was taking place.#160;
- Yes, yes, that is exactly what happened. I am the one and only Pericles. I disagree with these aristocrats. Like I said to the people, I believe that Athens deserves such a temple, and there are enough military supplies to defeat any enemy.#160;
- In fact, he specifically said Then let the cost go to my account, not yours, but also let the inscription on the buildings be my name. He actually was nearly ostracised.#160;
- Oh, interesting.#160;
- Yes, it sound quite intersting doesn't it?#160;Well.. I'm afraid our tour has come to an end. Thank you very much and safe time travels!
- Thank you for your time!
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