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- A BRIEF HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY
- Did you know, material such as plastic, synthetic rubber, sulphuric acid, and medicine like our favorite anibiotic penicillin, all originate from the chemical industry of early Muslims, who were chemistry revolutionaries.
- In fact, the word 'chemistry' in Arabic is kimia with 'al' as the definite article. Thus, al kimia meaning the chemistry or alchemy in old English.
- Will you discuss to me who made early discoveries in chemistry? what they were and how they are contributing towardds our modern society today?
- Yes, The Father of CHEMISTRY. Can you guess who he is?
- Yes, he is Jabir ibn Hayyan or Geber as known by the West, was son of a druggist. He lived from 722 AD to approximately 815 AD. He spend most of his time in Kufa in Iraq and scientifically systemzed chemistry. He devised and perfected many chemical processes like distillation, liquefaction, crystallization, sublimation, amalgamation and filtration.
- And most of these processes are still the same way as today. His most famous being his distillation process. The glassware he used were also designed by him, most of which are still shaped the same way.
- He also built a precise scale, which weighed items six thousand four hundred and eighty times smaller than a kilogram or 2.2 pounds.
- Jabir ibn Hayyan was also aware of atoms and compounds an how they combine to form form bonds. He also attempted to make paper that cannot burned and ink that can allow us to read in the dark.
- His fascinating works were icluded in the Greek Book of Chemical Properties, The Weight and Measures, The Chemical Combination, and The Dyes. The great work of his was all done in his laboratory in Kufa and was rediscovered during demolition of some houses in the area of Damascus Gate.
- And Al Razi's Book of Secrets Muhammad ibn Zakariya' al Razi was known in the west by Rhazes, who lived in Iran from 864 to 925 AD He is famous for writing books like 'The Book of Secrets' and The book of Secret of the Secrets.'
- Al Kindi lived from 801 AD in Iraq. He is most famous for writing a book on the chemitry of perfumes. The book contained 107 recipes for different scents.
- Yeah, He is most famous for classification of natural and artificial substances, giving birth to the modern day Periodic table that we all know of. One of his most interesting research was on water proofing fabrics and makin hair dyes. He also designed, described, and used more than 20 laboratory instruments, many of which are still in use such as crucible, cucurbit or retort for distillation.
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