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British Fur Traders
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- Phases of the Fur Tradeby Nathaniel Gee Baynes
- The fur trade led to economic competition between different European groups such as the British and French as well as the First Nations. Communities and their involvement with the environment and each other changed through each of the five phases of the fur trade.
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- Phase 1 (1500-1603): Beginning the fur trade with the exchange of cod fish
- Europeans arriving to fish cod on the east coast of Canada started to trade with First Nation groups such as the Mi’kmaq. The early fur trade is believed to have benefited both Europeans and First Nations groups.
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- Phase 2 (1603-1670) Expansion with the establishment of New France
- Trading partners like Ouendat are important to New France.
- Fur trade networks were established to help with movement of goods along the St. Lawrence. Québec andMontréal became the main shipping locations.
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- Phase 3 (1670-1760) Rivalries between the British and French
- Thanks to the Anishinabe for being a middle man for the Hudson Bay Company in the fur trade.
- The British created the Hudson Bay Company to compete with France. The Hudson Bay Company offered merchants exclusive areas to trade in and secured Rupert's Land.
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- Phase 4 (1760-1821) Expanding the fur trade out west
- Métis people are good guides interpreters.
- The North West Company was formed to take over the French trade network running through the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes. North West Company competed with the Hudson Bay Company. A difficult market forced both companies to expand into the west.
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- Phase 5 (1821-1870) Merging to make a monopoly
- Welcome to the Hudson Bay Fort York Factory. The North West Company is now part of us.
- Hudson Bay Company and the Northwest Company merged so that they can prevent the Americans from gaining control over Rupert's Land through their trading relationship with the Métis.
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- We need to fish so that we can trade with the First Nations.
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