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- I had some questions about how the urinary system works
- of course, I'd be happy to explain how the body filters, reabsorbs, and excretes nutrients
- Filtration is the first step of the urinary process. It starts in the nephron, which is the fundamental unit of the kidney. Within the nephron is the glomerulus, a cluster of tiny blood vessels in each nephron. The glomerulus filters water and small solutes like glucose, amino acids, ions, and some small proteins. Larger molecules like our blood cells do not get filtered and stay in the bloodstream. The filtered fluid called filtrate, then flows into the renal tubes, where reabsorption and secretion processes occur to further refine the urine
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- The Bowman's Capsule is a cup-shaped structure in the kidney that surrounds the Glomerulus. It aids in filtering blood and creates the filtrate that will become urea. Glomerular filtration is the first step in how urine is formed. It is essential because it removes waste products, excess water, and other substances that may need to be removed from the body. Reabsorption in the nephron involves retrieving essential substances from the glomerular filtrate and returning them to the bloodstream. Key materials reabsorbed include water, glucose, amino acids, and various electrolytes.
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- This reabsorption primarily occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), with further reabsorption occurring in the loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and collecting duct. The body doesn't want to lose these materials in urine because they are essential for maintaining homeostasis, including fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and energy reserves. The main waste product excreted in urine is urea, along with water and other substances. After the nephron in the kidney, the final urine travels to the renal pelvis, then through the ureters, into the bladder, and finally out of the body through the urethra
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