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- After the Civil War, the government passed the 14th amendment. The 14th defines citizenship and prevents the states from taking away anyone's rights without Due process of the law. Passed initially to give African Americans rights, but now also protects other marginalized groups such as those with disabilities.
- The 14th amendment
- In 1967 the government passed the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). This act prevents discrimination in the workforce against people 40 years and older. For example, it forbids limiting compensation, benefits, or training.
- PARC- V. PA
- Age Discrimination in Employment Act. (ADEA)
- In 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act was signed. This is what requires businesses, transportation, and employment to reasonably accommodate people with disability and prevents discrimination. This is why today you see ramps, elevators, handicap spots, bigger restrooms, and service dogs.
- Americans with Disability Act
- Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
- Previously known as Education for all Handicap Children Act, signed in 1975. This ensures that children with disabilities have access to education. Schools must serve children with disabilities and accommodate them with any special education services.
- In 1971, PA had a law that denied free education to children who were 8 years old but hadn't reached the mental age of 5. PARC (Pennsylvania Association for Retarded citizens) argues that it was discrimination and that all children regardless of disabilities have a right to education. The courts ruled in PARC's favor and overturned the law.
- O'Connor v Donaldson was decided in 1975. The Supreme Court decided that a State can not confine a non-dangerous individual who is able to live by themself or with a caretaker (family and friends). This gave disabled people back their independence and humanity.
- O'Connor V Donaldson
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