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When transcription starts, the DNA strands separate to allow the RNA to make a copy.
By Angel Gomez Justin Flores
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA carries most of the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms.
DNA is a double helix, which means it has two strands wound around each other. DNA's nucleotides are made up of deoxyribose, phosphate, and a nitrogen base.
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA carries most of the genetic instructions used in the development, function, and reproduction of all known living organisms.
In the nucleus, the cell's machinery copies the gene sequence into messenger RNA (mRNA). Like DNA, mRNA has four nucleotide bases but uracil (U) replaces thymine (T).
The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA. During DNA replication, these enzymes work to create two identical DNA strands from an original single DNA molecule.
During translation, the ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and translates it to the protein amino acid sequence. The ribosome starts at sequence AUG and reads three nucleotides at a time.
Each three-nucleotide codon specifies a particular amino acid. The stop codons (UAA, UAG and UGA) tell the ribosome that the protein is complete.

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