A great way to introduce students to significant events and documents is to have them answer the 5 Ws (Who Where What When Why). Together, the answers provide an analysis that can be used as a base for further exploration.
In this activity, students will use a spider map to analyze the Common Sense pamphlet and it's effects on the events leading up to the American Revolution. The analysis be done prior to reading Common Sense, as it will allow students to understand the historical significance of this book before they analyze Paine's specific arguments. It also introduces students to some of the key figures and groups that helped drive the Revolution, and situates the document within historical context.
(These instructions are completely customizable. After clicking "Copy Activity", update the instructions on the Edit Tab of the assignment.)
Student Instructions
Create a 5W analysis of the Common Sense pamphlet: Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
Spark critical thinking by organizing a role-play debate where students take on the perspectives of colonists, Loyalists, and Patriots after reading Common Sense. This interactive approach helps students grasp multiple viewpoints and deepens their understanding of the pamphlet's impact.
Promote empathy by having students embody Patriots, Loyalists, or undecided colonists. This encourages them to consider diverse perspectives and motivations during the American Revolution.
Support structured discussion by preparing questions tailored to each viewpoint, such as: 'How does Common Sense affect your opinion about independence?'. This keeps the debate focused and meaningful.
Encourage participation by setting clear rules for turn-taking and respectful listening. This ensures all voices are heard and helps maintain a positive classroom environment.
Deepen understanding by asking students to write a brief reflection on how their assigned role influenced their views of Common Sense. This step reinforces learning and personal connection to history.
The 5 Ws—Who, What, When, Where, and Why—are questions that help students break down and analyze historical texts like Common Sense. By answering each W, students identify key details about the document, which aids in understanding its context and significance before diving into its arguments.
To create a 5 Ws spider map, start by labeling five sections: Who, What, When, Where, and Why. In each section, answer the corresponding question about Common Sense and add images or symbols that represent each idea. This visual organizer helps students connect information and visualize the pamphlet's impact.
Analyzing Common Sense with the 5 Ws before reading helps students build background knowledge, understand its historical significance, and recognize the major figures and events involved. This preparation makes the text’s arguments and context clearer when students read Paine's work.
Common Sense by Thomas Paine played a key role in persuading American colonists to support independence from Britain. Learning about its impact helps students understand how ideas and documents can influence major historical events like the American Revolution.
To make the 5 Ws activity engaging, encourage students to use creative images, work in groups or individually, and discuss their answers. Incorporating visuals, real-world connections, and class discussions can increase interest and deepen understanding of Common Sense.