When introducing the structure of the Earth, a diagram is essential to helping students visually understand each part. In this activity, students will label a model of the Earth. Students should include a description of each part in addition to the label and arrow.
To scaffold this activity for students who need support, provide labels to add to the diagram. To stretch your more advanced students, have them compare the structure of Earth to the structure of another planet in our solar system, like Jupiter.
| Part | Description |
|---|---|
| Crust | The crust is a solid layer of rock on the surface of the planet. The thickness varies between 3 and 30 miles. |
| Mantle | The mantle is a semi-liquid layer of magma, or molten rock, that moves due to convection currents. |
| Outer Core | The outer core is the liquid part of the core which has a similar composition to the inner core. |
| Inner Core | The inner core is the solid part at the center of the Earth. It is made of iron and nickel and has temperatures reaching 5,500°C. |
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Student Instructions
Identify and describe the parts of the Earth in a storyboard.
Engaging students through hands-on activities helps them visualize and remember key concepts about Earth's structure. This approach makes abstract layers tangible and fun to explore.
Use everyday items like clay, playdough, colored paper, or foam balls to create 3D models of the Earth's layers. Selecting accessible materials ensures every student can participate and get creative.
Help students stack or mold materials to form the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Encourage labeling with clear tags or toothpick flags to reinforce vocabulary and structure.
Ask students to write or say a short description for each layer, focusing on its features and function. This builds comprehension and gives students a chance to personalize their learning.
Invite students to display their models and observe classmates' work. Discuss similarities and creative differences to deepen understanding and foster a collaborative classroom environment.
The Earth has four main layers: crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Each layer has unique properties, such as thickness, composition, and state (solid or liquid).
To label a diagram of the Earth's structure, add arrows and labels pointing to the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Include a short description for each part to help students understand their features.
The crust is the solid outermost layer of the Earth, while the mantle is a thick, semi-liquid layer beneath the crust made of molten rock that moves due to convection currents.
Teachers can scaffold by providing pre-made labels for students who need support, and encourage advanced students to compare Earth's structure to other planets like Jupiter for enrichment.
Diagrams help students visualize the different layers of the Earth, making complex concepts easier to understand and remember, especially for visual learners.