Hatchet by Gary Paulsen tells the story of Brian, a young boy who survives a plane crash that leaves him alone in the wilderness in Canada. Through internal conflict, external forces working against him, and with the help of his hatchet (a recent present from his mother), Brian learns to survive on his own. Paulsen breaks down the different types of conflict and helps his readers better understand how a small event can affect the larger plot of a story.
Thirteen-year-old Brian is flying to see his dad, following his parents’ stressful divorce and split custody agreement. When his pilot (the only other person in the plane) has a heart attack, Brian survives the ensuing crash-landing and has to learn how to survive alone in the woods of Canada. Banged up and without gear, Brian faces wild animals, brutal weather, and his own doubts and fears. He also spends a lot of time thinking about his “big secret”.
Time passes, and Brian becomes more adept at surviving. Luckily, as a going-away gift, his mom had given him a hatchet to take with him. Brian is able to create fire with the hatchet, a surprising turn of events that winds up helping with much of his survival efforts. He also learns to fish with a spear that he whittles with the hatchet. Eventually, he figures out how to catch meat, a huge accomplishment in his eyes. Some of his more memorable struggles include being pierced by porcupine quills, being blinded by skunk spray when he attempts to keep it from eating his foraged turtle eggs, having a run-in with a bear, and being brutally attacked by a moose. Brian also survives hordes of mosquitoes, near starvation, and a massive tornado.
His character grows stronger throughout the book, physically and mentally. After much toil and fearful happenings, Brian is finally rescued - alive, and with a better outlook on his life.
Pozovite učenike da se zamisle u Brianovoj situaciji i napišu kratku priču ili dnevnik o preživljavanju samostalno u divljini. Ova interaktivna aktivnost pomaže učenicima da osobno povežu s tekstom, produbljujući njihovo razumijevanje razvoja likova i tema preživljavanja.
Razjasnite svoje ciljeve za zadatak, poput fokusiranja na realistično rješavanje problema, emocionalne reakcije i korištenje živopisnih detalja. Davši učenicima specifične kriterije, omogućujete im da proizvedu promišljeni i zanimljivi rad.
Prikažite kako brainstormati moguće izazove, rješenja i emocionalne reakcije s kojima bi se Brian ili učenik mogli suočiti. Izrada mape uma u razredu potiče učenike na kritičko i kreativno razmišljanje prije pisanja.
Nudite grafičke organizatore, početne rečenice ili popise provjere za vođenje učenika kroz proces pisanja. Podrška uz scaffold pomaže svim učenicima da uspješno napreduju i ostanu na pravom putu.
Poticite učenike da dijele svoje priče u parovima ili malim skupinama i daju konstruktivne povratne informacije. Ovo gradi samopouzdanje i pomaže im usavršiti rad dok uče od drugih.
Brze i jednostavne ideje za lekcije za Hatchet uključuju mapiranje likova, istraživanje vrsta sukoba, pisanje scenarija za preživljavanje i grupne rasprave o događajima koji mijenjaju radnju. Koristite storyboards i igru uloga za angažiranje učenika i produbljivanje razumijevanja.
Sukob je središnja tema u Hatchet, koji pokreće radnju kroz Brianove borbe protiv prirode, životinja i vlastitih sumnji. Ti izazovi oblikuju njegov rast i drže priču naprijed.
Brian uči osnovne vještine preživljavanja, poput paljenja vatre, ribolova kopljem, sakupljanja hrane, gradnje skloništa i savladavanja mentalnih prepreka. Ove vještine pomažu mu da se prilagodi i preživi u divljini.
Glavno poučno poruka iz Hatchet je važnost otpornosti, rješavanja problema i prilagodljivosti u prevladavanju teških situacija, kako fizičkih tako i emocionalnih.
Učinkoviti načini za uvod u sukob uključuju analizu ključnih trenutaka, usporedbu unutarnjih i vanjskih sukoba te da učenici identificiraju kako svaki sukob mijenja Brianov put u priči.