ecological relationships
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- Mutualism- a symbiotic relationship between two or more organisms/species where both parties benefit.In one example, the bees rely on the flower for food, and the flower benefits because the bee picks up pollen and transports it to other flowers for pollination and helping the reproduction of the plant. In the other example, clownfish use anemones for shelter from predators because they will sting them, and the anemones benefit because clownfish chase off butterflyfish that eat the anemones.If one member of this relationship went extinct, it would have a negative impact on the other, because they would lose a positive factor in their life that aids in their survival.
- Commensalism- a symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one party benefits and the other is unaffectedIn these examples, the frog uses the leaves of the tree as protection from the sun and predators. The tree frog benefits from this relationship and the tree is unaffected. In the other example, barnacles attach to a whale to get easy access to food and the whale is unaffected by the barnacles that live on it.If one member of this relationship went extinct it could either negatively affect them or not affect them at all. For example, if the frog went extinct, it wouldn't affect the tree at all (in this situation), but if the tree went extinct then the frog would no longer be able to use the leaves for protection from predators and would be a greater risk for being eaten.
- Parasitism- a symbiotic relationship between organisms where one organism (parasite) benefits and the other (host) is harmed. Parasites often live exclusively on or in their host organism, and they usually do not kill the host, just harm them.An example of parasitism is a tick/flea on a dog, where ticks attach themselves to the skin of the dog, suck their blood, and can transfer diseases. Ticks thrive off of this and the dog is harmed. Another example is mosquitos and humans in which mosquitos suck the human's blood, causing them to itch and thriving by getting their energy. If the parasite went extinct, then the host would thrive more and have fewer negative factors on it. If the host went extinct, the parasite would fail or struggle to survive because it would no longer have a valuable place to get its energy.
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