energy can not be created nor destroyed, but can only change form
First law of thermodynamics
this means that after a consumer eats a producer or other consumer some of the energy is changed whether it is in blood spilled or used by the animal when it was alive
at every energy transfer some of the energy is degraded into heat that moves into a cooler object
second law of thermodynamics
this means as things in my food web get eaten some of the energy was spread to colder objects instead of into the consumer
after all of this energy is changed in some way, only about 10% of the energy is given to the consumer, which is why as you get higher up the food chain there aren't as many tertiary consumers. Their is not enough energy