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- It began in 1791 in the French colony of Saint Domingue (later Haiti). Though born into slavery in Saint Domingue, Toussaint learned of Africa from his father, who had been born a free man there.
- In 1789 the French Revolution rocked France. The sugar plantations of Saint Domingue, though far away, would never be the same. Spurred on by such Enlightenment thinkers as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the early moderate revolutionaries considered seriously the question of slavery.
- As conflicts between plantation owners and the free people of color were raging, the slaves took their shot at freedom. Initially led by Dutty Boukman, the slave revolts were very successful early on but stalled out after organized resistance from the plantation owners and the French military.
- in 1793, the revolution in France was in the hands of the Jacobins, the most radical of the revolutionary groups. This group, led by Maximilian Robespierre, was responsible for the Reign of Terro
- In France the Jacobins lost power. People finally tired of blood flowing in the streets and sent Maximilian Robespierre to the guillotine, ending the Reign of Terror. A reaction set in.
- Six months later, Napoleon decided to give up his possessions in the New World. He was busy in Europe and these far-away possessions were more trouble than they were worth.
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