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- World War 1, also konwn as the Great War, an international conflict that happened in 1914-1918 embroiled over 30 countries across the globe. In 1882, Otto Von Bismarck, president of Germany leads the creations of Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy. In the other hand, the Triple Entente was created between France, Britain. and Russia.
- On 28 June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the successor of the Austrian-Hungarian throne had been assassinated along with his wife, Sophia in an open-top car in Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalists named Gavrilo Princip. On 28 July 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia because of the assassination with the support of Germany. World War 1 had begun.
- Meanwhile, Russia as a Serbian ally, started to mobilizes its troops in defense of Serbia and warned Austria-Hungary do not invade Serbia. On 1-3 August 1914, Germany declares war on Russia and France to help Austria-Hungary. Austria-Hungary despite having larger troops, was defeated by fierce Serbian troops. Italy stays neutral in the war for now.
- The Schlieffen Plan, Germany plans to quickly defeat France by launching a surprise attack from the north through Belgium and capture Paris by encircling French troops. Then, focus on its troops in the east, to Russia, whose troops need more time to mobilize. On 4 August 1914, Germany invades Luxembourg and neutral Belgium with 750000 troops to get into France.
- In respond, Britain declares war on Germany to protect Belgium, a neutral country and began sending troops to France. Unfortunately ,the Schlieffen Plan had failed. The Entente troops and the Germans dug trenches into defensive position between the North Sea and the Swiss border. Living condition in the trenches were terrible. Rat and pest were everywhere causing diseases spreading among the soldiers. Some soldiers even had trauma from the sound of the artillery shells.
- On 29 October 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined Germany and Austria-Hungary, forming the Central Powers. Ottoman troops began invading British Egypt to take control the Suez Canal and invades Russia from the Caucacus region but failed due to the cold winter. The Ottomans accused the Armenian people for supporting Russia and massacred half of the Armenian population, known as the Armenian Genocide.
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