"Hey Dad, I am excited to go see how the plants are doing at the house!"
Me too son I can't wait to see so many beautiful flowers.!
Well, flowers use something called Gene expression to make them the color they are.
"Oh look dad, they are starting to bloom, but I'm confused, how do flowers turn to those colors such as pink and red.
Gene Expression is when information stored in our DNA is converted into instructions for making proteins or other molecules. The two main parts of Gene Expression are Transcription and Translation.
What is Gene Expression?
To start off the process, the enzyme, RNA polymerase, splits the DNA into two different strands and uses one strand as a template to produce RNA molecules.
What is Transcription?
Transcription is when DNA in a gene is copied to produce an RNA transcript called mRNA. There are two main steps in Transcription.
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Then, specific introns are removed from the strand, and a methyl cap and poly-A-tail are added to the strand converting it to mRNA
INITIATIONIn Initiation, tRNA brings the amino acid to bind to the start codon on mRNA.
What is Translation?
Translation is the decoding of an mRNA message by the ribosomes into a protein. It happens in Cytoplasm.There are three main steps in Translation.
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E:LONGATIONIn Elongation, tRNA brings amino acid one by one to add to the Polypeptide chain
Son, so now you know gene expression is the way in which DNA, RNA and proteins are involved in expressing all the traits and functions of living cells. A Gene that codes to produce pigment can control the color of a flower.
Wow thanks Dad! I know what Gene Expression is and how it expresses all traits
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - carry copies of instructions for protein syntheses from nucleus to RIbosomes
Transfer RNA (tRNA) - caries amino acids to ribosomes and matches them to sided MRNA message.
TERMINATIONIn Termination, the stop code is reached and the polypeptide and mRNA are released from the Ribome