The Persian empire first expanded under the leadership of Cyrus the Great, who used the strategy of religious and cultural toleration to maintain his order.
The golden age took place in Greece in the 5th and 4th centuries. This part of Greece marked the fall of age of tyranny in Athens. When alexander the great took over, it was a time of remarkable growth for the greek.
Greek kingdoms reach a Golden Age
Ionia was under the first rule of Alexander the Great, and then of Antigonus. The Ionian revolt was the plotting of Histiaeus, which was the deposed Tyrant of Miletus. After they were defeated by the Persians, Ionians knew that they could not defeat the Persians by themselves. Therefore, they asked the mainland of Greece for help. The Ionian army lost again in 493 BCE and they were punished for rebelling.
Cyrus appoints tyrants to rule Ionia
Greek rebellions across Asia Minor
The Ionian revolt, and other revolts, were the military rebellions by several Greek regions of Asia minor and against the Persian rule. This lasted from 499 BC to 493 BC. The other associated revolts were in Aeolis, Doris, Cyprus, and Caria. The dissatisfaction of the Greek cities of Asia minor with the tyrants was the reason of the rebellion. The Ionian revolt constituted the first big conflict between Greece and the Persian empire. They represent the first phase of the Greco- Persian wars.
The Ionian revolt was the reason why the uprising of some of the Ionian cities of Asia Minor went against their Persian overlords. Darius of Persia used the involvement of the Athens as a pretext for his plan to invade or take over Greece. This initiated the Greco-Persian wars. Asia Minor was brought back to the Persian fold but Darius still vowed to punish the Athens, as well as Eretria, for supporting the revolt. Because of the aid they provided to the Ionians, Darius grew more and more furious, which led to him getting the incentive to invade Greece.
Darius squashes the Ionian revolts
Themistocles of Athens directed the Greek Naval forces and wanted a battle plan. The invaders were supplied with food by the Persian ships. On the other hand, Themistocles wanted to attach the ships and cut off all of the army's supplies. In order to get this plan into action, the Greeks first had to make Athens unable for the Persian army to reach.