King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette had lots of money and power in France. The clergy and the nobles (in the first and second Estate) also had lots of money and power.
The Third Estate was made up of the commoners (the Bourgeois, the Sans Culottes and the Peasants) they had very little money, no land, and no power. They made up 97% of the population. In June 20th, the National assembly was formed at a tennis court. Many people thought life would improve.
1788 was a bad year for weather. There was massive hail storm, which destroyed all the crops across France and this was followed by one of the deadliest winters, everything froze. After that there was no rain and the reamaining crops dried out and at last to end the lethal year of weather, there were floods.
This meant that many of the crops and food in France were destroyed and the cost of staple foods such as bread had a huge spike. This had lethal impact on the Third Estate and King Louis XVI had done nothing about these matters. He just enjoyed his extravagant privileges. While, people were just scraping by to live but many peasants died of famine because of this. This made the Third Estate even more on the verge of revolution. There were rumours that the First and Second Estate were hoarding bread too. This made people very angry.
On 5th October 1788, there was a sudden protest in front of the Pallace of Versailles. It was lead by the Poissardes (fisherwoman), who were fearsome. They were protesting against MArie Antoinette and were threatening to kill her. However, Marie Antoinette paid no attentio to them. The crowd started to get biggere and bigger.
The crowd overpowerd the soldiers. The brutal crowd placed the soldier's heads on spikes and marched into the palace. The Poisardes broke into her room and destroyed her room. Marie Antenoitte just managed to escape to King Louis's apartment. It was far too late and they were surrounded at all sides. King Louis surrendered. After, 4 years King Louis and his familly were executed, using the guillotine, for the charges of treason.