Peace cannot be built on exclusivism, absolutism, and intolerance. But neither can it be built on vague liberal slogans and pious programs gestated in the smoke of confabulation.
Non-violence
NO MORE PASSES!
1956, Pretoria
"We have not come here to please but to ask for what is our right as mothers, as women and as citizens of this country..."
January 1957, Alexandra
I want to raise the price from 2 to 3 pence...
WE WILL NOT RIDE!
Growing militancy...
Later in June...
WE WON!
1950, May Stayaway
1952, Defiance Campaign
WHY?
Brutal response from the government
1959, Shebeen protest
1956, Treason Trial
1960, Sharpeville Massacre
PAC: …government of the Africans by the Africans, for the Africans...
1959, The creation of the PAC (Afrikanist agenda)