mutation

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There is a mouse with black fur.
The gene of my fur contains a lot of MC1R protein. MC1R gene can produce melanocyte cells.
There is another mouse with gray fur.
They mate and produce offspring.
Because of a mutation, the color of my fur differs from my parents.
This is the offspring of the black and grey mouse. It has a lighter fur than the black mouse, but a darker fur than the gray mouse.
The fur color of the offspring of the black mouse and the gray mouse is between black and gray because the MC1R protein is mutated, destroying its role in the synthesis of eumelanin pigment.
When this combination occurs, melanocytes cannot efficiently produce eumelanin. This is also what we call genetic mutation.
A single nucleotide substitution at position 199 (cytosine to thymine) in the MC1R gene results in a non-functional MC1R protein.
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