Social Studies Civil War
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- The Compromise of 1820 was one of many reasons that led to a civil war. This compromise allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state and to keep slave vs free states politically balanced Maine was added as a free state. Instead of balancing out power in the congress it creating bigger problems, which caused division and disagreement between the North and Southern regions.Click To EditThe Missouri Compromise of 1820 was one of many reasons HelpEscapeInsert ParagraphUndo the last commandRedo the last commandTabUntabSet a bold styleSet a italic styleSet a underline styleSet a strikethrough styleClean a styleSet left alignSet center alignSet right alignSet full alignToggle unordered listToggle ordered listOutdent on current paragraphIndent on current paragraphChange current block's format as a paragraph(P tag)Change current block's format as H1Change current block's format as H2Change current block's format as H3Change current block's format as H4Change current block's format as H5Change current block's format as H6Insert horizontal ruleShow Link DialogSummernote 0.8.18 · Project · Issues
- In the early 1830's the abolitionist movement was an organized effort to end the practice of slavery in the U.S. Though it stared off as a movement with religious underpinnings, it eventually became controversial political issue that divided much of the country. The divisiveness and disagreements increased tension between the north and south which eventually led to a civil war.
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- In 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed, allowing the Kansas and Nebraska territories to decide for themselves using popular sovereignty whether they wanted to be free or practice enslavement. By 1856 conflicts arose between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers that fought over the state's future to the point where it was nicknamed "Bleeding Kansas”. violent events were a small taste of the violence to come with the Civil War.
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- Once the Mexican-American war was over in 1848 tension between the North and South started to increase. the United States gained a large expanse of western territory , known as the Mexican Cession and both sides saw this as an opportunity to gain more states that would either be free or have slaves. Northerners that were against slavery held on to the idea expressed in 1846 Wilmot Proviso, that “slavery would not expand into the areas taken, and later bought, from Mexico.” Although the proviso remained a proposal and never became a law, it defined the sectional division. This amendment was attached to protect white workers by keeping slavery out of the lands taken from Mexico. To deal with this, Congress passed the Compromise of 1850, To deal with this, Congress passed the Compromise of 1850, which made California free and allowed Utah and New Mexico to a popular sovereignty (ability of a state to decide whether it would allow enslavement).
- In the 1850’s and 60’s Political party divisions was another reason that led to a Civil War. The Democratic Party have always had 5% of the Congress in an anti-slavery faction. This party believed that slavery had to immediately end. Members of the free-soil party were from both political parties. They believed that slavery should be stopped in the new western territories. Popular Sovereignty were members from both parties that believed citizens of new states should be able to vote on slavery. Those in the pro slavery/ pro expansion party believed that that slavery should be able to expand in new states and territories. The final political party was abolitionists which are citizens that believed that slavery should be completely not allowed in all states.
- As part of the 1850 compromise, The Fugitive Slave Act, a law that provided federal money or “bounties” to slave catchers, was passed by Congress on September 18th, 1850. . This act forced citizens to help fugitives and if they were unwilling to assist or had aided a fugitive in escaping, they were subject to a fine and prosecution. It also denied fugitives who claimed to be freemen the right to a fair jury trial. This was devastating for blacks in the north because they could no longer legally prove that they were free. Southerners believed that the Compromise met its goals in stopping the south from seceding from the Union, at least temporarily. But the Compromise made northerners more determined to end slavery than ever. This caused the increase of tension between the North and South.
- In 1857, Dred Scott lost his argued case that he should be free because he had been held as an enslaved person while living in a free state. On march 6, 1857 the U.S Supreme Court ruled that a slave who resides in a free state and territory ( where slavery was not allowed) was not entitled to hiss freedom. They ruled that African Americans were not and could not be citizens of the U.S. and that Missouri Compromise is 1820 was unconstitutional. This decision increased fuel to the sectional controversy which pushed the country to Civil War.
- John Brown was a dedicated activist who was involved i anti-enslavement violence in Kansas. On the 16th of October 1859 John Brown led a group of 17, to raid the arsenal located in Harpers Ferry, Virginia which is now West Virginia. Johns goal was to start an uprising led by enslaved people using the captured weapons. After several buildings were captured John Brown and his men were either killed or captured by troops led by Col. Robert E. Lee. This event increased anger of the growing Black activist movement that helped lead to open warfare. John was captured during the raid and later convicted of treason and hanged, but the raid inflamed white Southern fears of slave rebellions and increased the tension between Northern and Southern states before the American Civil War.
- On November 6, 1860, republican candidate Abraham Lincoln was elected as the U.S president. When Lincoln was elected seven southern states left the Union because they believed that Lincoln would completely end slavery. The southerners feared that northerners were gaining more power and eventually decided to form the "Confederacy" and opted for secession. This was the major conflict that led to a civil war.
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