The short story “The Devil and Tom Walker” is a dark and eerie tale of a man’s unhealthy obsession that leads him to make a deal with the Devil. Although he believes he can change his fate by repenting his sins, in the end, the devil takes his due.
Tom Walker and his wife are miserly and bitter towards each other. The couple even goes as far as hiding money from each other. One day Tom takes a shortcut through a swamp to get home. While resting, his staff hits something on the ground. As Tom unearths it, he realizes it is a skull with an Indian tomahawk cutting it down the middle. A gruff voice says, “Let that skull alone!” Perplexed that someone could approach without his knowledge, he asks the man's identity. Tom soon finds out that he is speaking with the Devil himself.
The Devil takes a liking to Tom, and tells him about a buried treasure he may have if Tom agrees to make a pact with him. Reluctant, Tom returns home to consult his wife on the matter. After speaking with her, he finds himself disinclined to agree with her, especially since she was urging him to bargain away his soul.
Upset with her husband, Tom's wife leaves the house with all their possessions to make a pact with “Old Scratch” herself. Three days pass, and Tom leaves to find her. When he ventures to the swamp, he sees his wife's apron hanging in a tree. However, all that is left inside is a heart and a liver. Indifferent to his wife's apparent death, Tom seeks out the Devil and agrees to the pact. As part of the conditions, Tom is required to use the pirate gold for nefarious business. After much debate, he agrees to start a business as a usurer, a moneylender.
Years go buy, and Tom has been made wealthy by squeezing the money out of his debtors. As time progress, he begins to feel choked by the bargain he struck. Worrying about the quality of his next life, he begins fervently attending church and repenting his sins. He seems very devout, even reading his Bible between business transactions.
One day, a debtor came to plead with Tom not to foreclose on his land, crying that he would be forced on the church, reasoning that Tom has made his money off of him. Tom replies: “The Devil take me if I have made a farthing!" There are three loud knocks at the door. Tom realizes he has left his Bible on his desk, and he is carried off by the Devil and they disappear in a flash of lightning.
Encourage students to choose a key character from The Devil and Tom Walker and brainstorm their traits, motivations, and changes throughout the story. Guide them to use evidence from the text to support their ideas, helping deepen their understanding of literary characterization.
Divide your class into groups of 3–5 students. Assign each group a prompt about character decisions or moral lessons from the story. Facilitate their conversations, encouraging respectful debate and textual support for their opinions.
Provide students with a template for mapping out Tom Walker’s relationships, motivations, and conflicts. Ask them to illustrate connections between characters and how these drive the plot. Discuss how Irving uses these dynamics to build suspense and develop themes.
Prompt students to write a diary entry from Tom Walker’s perspective at a key moment in the story. Encourage them to reflect on his feelings, regrets, or hopes, blending creativity with textual evidence for a deeper literary analysis.
Allow groups or individuals to share their character maps or diary entries. Lead a brief discussion on the variety of perspectives and how analyzing characters helped everyone better understand The Devil and Tom Walker.
The main theme of 'The Devil and Tom Walker' is the danger of greed and moral corruption. The story explores how selfish choices and striking deals for personal gain can lead to dire consequences.
To teach 'The Devil and Tom Walker' efficiently, start with a summary, discuss its key themes, and use storyboards or visual aids for cause and effect. Engage students with essential questions about greed and choices.
Effective lesson plans include creating storyboards for cause and effect, analyzing suspense and imagery, and using presentations to deepen understanding. Focus on activities that encourage critical thinking about choices and consequences.
Suspense is crucial in this story because it keeps readers engaged and highlights the moral tension Tom faces. Irving uses suspenseful events and imagery to build anticipation and emphasize the impact of Tom’s decisions.
Notable examples of imagery include the eerie swamp, the skull with a tomahawk, and the lightning at Tom’s disappearance. These vivid descriptions help set the dark tone and reinforce the story’s supernatural elements.