APUSH Winter 1
Storyboard Text
- In 1851, a concentration policy was introduced that grouped Indians into one plot of land instead of allowing them to be free to move where they please. Later, after a series of bloody conflicts, the Indian Peace Commission was established, which replaced concentration policy with a policy that moved Indians into reservations - one in Oklahoma, and one occupying the Dakotas. Indians leaders were, by various forms of manipulation and force, convinced to agree to these treaties that forced their tribes into these lands.
- Worse, white settlers were hunting bison to extinction, even though bison were a way of life and necessity for these indigenous peoples. Beginning in the 1850s, this buffalo hunting became so extreme that by 1875 the buffalo were virtually extinct in the southern regions. Men such as Buffalo Bill Cody would be paid to hunt these bison.
- Such tensions led to frequent conflicts between white and native settlers, known as the Indian Wars. An example of such a conflict was Sand Creek, where the Arapaho and Cheyenne were attacked Sand Creek in November 1864 under chief Black Kettle. Another example was Little Bighorn in 1876 led by George Custer and Indian Chiefs Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull.
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