As European travelling became more common, advances were made in ideas and equipment that allowed sailing on ships to become more safe and faster. The practice of cartography allowed people to have a better sense of direction and understanding of the world. Early sailors would rely on astronomical charts to guide them in the right direction before the compass took over.
The Imprisonment of the Slaves
Many countries were hungry for luxury goods and spices from foreign places. Among these countries, the exploration of the French, Portguese, English, and Dutch would stand out in particular. The Portuguese had Prince Henry the Navigator, Bartholomew Diaz, and Vasco Da Gama. The French had Jacques Cartier. The English had John Cabot and the Dutch had Henry Hudson. China was also a major consumer of silver from the Western Hemisphere during this time.
The Struggle for Power
The Columbian Exchange was the exchanging of several different items between the Eastern and Western hemispheres. From different types of food (rice, okra, sugar, etc), to animals (horses, pigs, cattle, etc), to people (Europeans, Africans, and Native Americans), to diseases (smallpox), and to new technology and ideas (alphabetical writing firearms, etc). All of these items have had several different impacts.
The Value one Holds
Casta System (Latin America)
Creoles
Peninsulares
People born in Spain
African Americans were brought in through the Transatlantic Slave trade during this time of the Triangular Trade. They were brought in because of the declining Native American population, who couldn't withstand all the new diseases. They worked domestic and agricultural labor. Their belief system at the time was that of syncretism and many were in polygynys. However, West African Kingdoms weakened and slave raiding kingoms became even more economically dependent on goods from Europe.
Several different European nations took part in a war called the "Seven Years' War," in which they would compete for power over in places such as North America. In Spain versus Portugal, the Treaty of Tordesillas would be the compromise. In France versus Britain, the French and Indian War would be the outcome. The Commercial Revolution would take place during this time of increasing trading posts too.
Several rebellions would occur in different nations which would lead to internal and external challenges in state powers and social hierarchies would begin forming. Different social structures worked in different ways; In America, people were ranked based on skin color while in Latin America, people were ranked based on race. This would affect the way people got treated too.