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Atomic Radius. What is it?
Storyboard Text
- Introduction
- Hello. My name is Joshua and today I will tell you everything you need to know about atomic radius.
- Moving Across a Period
- As you move across a period, the atomic radius decreases. For example, Oxygen has an atomic radius of 48 pm. Flourine, which is to the right, has an atomic radius of 42 pm. Nitrogen, which is to the left, has an atomic radius of 56 pm.
- Moving Down a Group
- As you move down a group, the atomic radius increases. For example, Sodium has an atomic radius of 190 pm. Lithium, which is above Sodium, has an atomic radius of 167 pm. Potassium, which is below Sodium, has an atomic radius of 243 pm.
- Connection between Columbic Attraction and Atomic Radius
- If you didn't know, there is a connection between Columbic Attraction and Atomic Radius. As you know, atomic radius increases as you go down a group. This is because there is a longer distance between the protons and the outermost electrons, thus decreasing the Columbic Attraction.
- Why is that the trend? (Period)
- As you move across a period, the atomic radius decreases. Obviously, there's a reason for this, so I'm going to tell you. The parking spots can be used as atoms. As you move across parking spots, the number of protons increase, thus increasing the effective nuclear charge. This causes the poles (electrons) to have a greater attraction. This pulls the electron cloud closer to the nucleus, decreasing the atomic radius.
- Why is that the trend? (Group)
- However, as you move down a group, the atomic radius increases. There is a reason for this, so I'm going to tell you. As you move down a group, an additional energy level is added. Because of this, the outermost orbital and the nucleus have a further distance, thus increasing the atomic radius.
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