On June 28th, Ferdinand went to Sarajevo to inspect Bosina Herzegovina's army, Austria Hungary had annexed (taken by force) the country in 1908.
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After the inspection, Archduke Franz and his wife, Sofia, went out to tour Sarajevo.
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A member of the Black Hand, in an attempt to assassinate Ferdinand threw a bomb at the car but the bomb bounced off the car and instead injured Ferdinand's attendants. This assassination attempt was ordered by Gavrilo Princip, a serbian nationalist worried about the threat Austria Hungary posed to Serbia's independence and member of the Black Hand.
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Later that day, the motorcade Ferdinand was travelling in took a wrong turn on the way to the hospital to visit the injured attendants. Just as the car had stopped Princip, who happened to be leaving a delicatessen on the same road, shot the couple sitting in the car, killing them both.
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This led to the First World War; Austria declared war on Serbia, and in response, Russia declared war on Austria. Continuing this, all the countries in alliance with Russia, Austria and Serbia declared war on the opposing bloc.