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- Several Ionian Greek city- states decided to revolt against the Persian empire, angered by their loss of autonomy, rule by tyrants and economic burden of paying tribute.Athens and Eretria supported them by sending 20 and 5 ships respectively, and attracted the anger of King Darius for their role in the buring of a temple in Sardis:"Grant O God that I may punish the Athenians" (Hdt)
- Battle of Salamis
- Causes of the War
- 25 000 Persians landed at Marathon, near Athens, after having destroyed Eretria. The General, Miltiades, convinced the Athenians to engage them there, and the tactics of weakening the Greek centre lines and advancing at a run proved successful. The Athenians and Plataeans were victorious, and Miltiades was a hero. Most of the Greeks became complacent after the win, even though the Persians became more determined to invade again, and launched major preparations under the new king Xerxes.
- Battle of Platea
- Battle of Marathon
- Battle of Marathon
- In the Battle of Thermopylae (480 B.C.E) Sparta led a Greek force against the massive army of the Persians, and successfully delayed their advance. The Greeks were betrayed by Ephialtes, allowing the Persians to flank them. King Leonidas remained with a small army of just 300 Spartans and some other men to defend, all of whom were killed. The Spartans willingly sacrificed themselves for the good of Greece, fulfilled the prophecy about the death of their king, and enabled the Athenians time to evacuate their city.Xerxes' forces wreaked vengeance on the Athenians by burning and looting their acropolis.
- Battle of Thermopylae
- Effects of the War
- Save me
- In the battle of Salamis(480 B.C.E) the Athenian general Themistocles tricked Xexres into believing the Athenian army was retreating and the massive Persian navy pursued them into a small strip of sea. The Persian ships were much larger than the Greeks and were not built for confines spaces. The smaller ships of the Athenian navy repeatedly smashed into the Persian war ships
- In 479 B.C.E the Athenians and their allies defeated Xerxes's army for the last time at the Battle of Platea. Xerxes returned to Persia, defeated, and the Persian Empire never again invaded Greece.
- After the war both Athens and Sparta claimed the victory over Persia which led to problems. Sparta was left very weak after its defeat at Thermopylae, while Athens emerged as the most powerful city-state after rebuilding. Athens rebuilt their city state more splendorous than ever, and experienced its Golden Age of economic and cultural magnificence.
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