Many American expansionists cast their eyes toward the Texas territory, which contained millions of acres of fertile land and a climate well suited for southern crops.
The Spanish governor of Texas had encouraged Americans to move into the area by granting men such as Moses Austin huge tracts of land on which to settle several hundred families. Moses died before he was able to carry out his plan but his son Stephen Austin was able to finish it.
Most of the Texiansremained Protestant, violating their agreement to become Catholic. Additionally, the Mexican government abolished the sale of slaves in 1823 and abolished slavery outright in 1829, which angered many of the settlers.
The Mexican government realized too late that allowing so many Americans to move into Texas jeopardized Mexican authority there. In an attempt to reverse the situation, Mexico closed the border, restricted trade in Texas, disbanded the Texas legislature, jailed some Texans, and denied Texans representation in the Mexican congress.
As Santa Anna rode north with his army to conquer the settlers in Texas, the Texans turned to Sam Houston , a soldier and a statesman. As the commander in chief of the Texas army, he prepared to face the larger army of the dictator Santa Anna.