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- Virginia Plan
- A Plan proposed by James Madison. This plan outlined a strong federal government composed of a judicial, legislative, and an executive branch. Larger states were in favor of this because it included proportional representation in the house of representatives and the senate.
- Connecticut Plan
- Using aspects of both the Virginia and New Jersey plans, the Connecticut plan established a bicameral legislature. The house of representatives is represented according to population, and the senate is equally represented. The plan stated that senators would be elected by state legislatures and representatives in the house would be elected directly by the people.
- New Jersey Plan
- A plan proposed by William Patterson in response to the Virginia plan. It called for a 3-branch unicameral legislature with each state receiving only one vote in congress. This was designed to protect the power of the smaller states.
- 3/5 Compromise
- An agreement between delegates from both northern and southern states that determined how slaves would be counted when determining the population of a state. The compromise settled on counting slaves as 3/5 of a citizen, which was used to determine taxation and representation
- Great Compromise
- As one of the largest issues the convention was facing, the debate over representation needed to be resolved. The Connecticut Plan settled the debate between small and large states. It favored the large states by establishing a proportional representation in the house of representatives, and the small states by establishing equal representation in the senate
- Electoral College
- Since the Articles of Confederation did not provide the national government with an executive branch or any way to elect one, the electoral college was formed. Some delegates did not want a chief executive, while others did. the electoral college was created to be a body of electors proportional to the population.
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