Brown then ventured toOsawatomie and joined the region's uncontrolled anti-slavery brawls.
In the meantime, abolitionist senator Charles Sumner rebuked the immorality of Atchisonand Andrew Butler, both of whom firmly supported the use of bondage; enraged by his remarks, Preston Brooks, Butler's nephew, repeatedly struck the Congressman with his cane.
The violence of Bleeding Kansas later mitigated with the election of Governor John. W. Geary in September 1856; nevertheless, the final considerable disturbance was theMarais des Cygnes massacre of 1858, which ultimately brought the nation's deceased to a total of fifty-five individuals.
I must begin restoring order.
The South eventually seceded from the Union in 1860.
In 1859, a convention at Wyandotte established a new constitution banning the use of forced labor in Kansas; due to the opposition of proslavery residents, however, the region was unable to reach statehood until 1861, when the South seceded from the Union.