The Jewish History began with a man named Abraham and his wife Sarah. Starting with Abraham the family tree has grown and different events have happened in history but started with Abraham.
During the time of 1500 to 1290 BC Israelites suffered in slavery in Egypt and at that time a man name Moses came. Moses helped and led the Israelites out of Egypt.
When Solomon died, the northeners fought and broke out and into 10 of the 12 tribes. After that they set up their own nation in the north. Which was called the Israeal. Isreal was the part of the nation where Jews lived.
In 597 B.C the Jews of Judah finally decided to unite with Egyptians to rebel against the Chaldean's and the Babylonian exile. They decided to rebel in the same year the city of Jerusalem was over runned and captured by the King of Chaldean's King Nebuchadnezzar.
Around the 500 B.C some Jews stayed in Babylon and rebuilt Jerusalem and the temple . So that they can depend mainly on their religious leaders, their temple priests and the Scribes to run their society.
Other Jews known as the Zealots wanted to fight the Romans for their freedom. This was what the rebellion was filled by the memory of Jews successfully rebelled against the greeks.