4.5 Billion years ago, Earth was a ball of magma. The atmosphere mostly comprised of helium and hydrogen.#160; Other gases were mostly trapped in the earth's surface. This was not a good planet for life.
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3.5 Billion years ago, cooled magma formed into volcanoes which released multiple gases like methane, ammonia, water vapor, and carbon dioxide, similar to Mars or Venus. Eventually Earth cooled down enough so water vapor condensed into water. This water formed the oceans and meant that there was less water vapor in the air.
The first life in the ocean did not need any oxygen. Later, plants evolve to be able to photosynthesize. This photosynthesis from plants and algae produces oxygen which eventually becomes the ozone layer. The ozone layer protects the Earth from the sun's harmful radiation, allowing life on land.
The oxygen in the atmosphere reacted with Ammonia and created lots of nitrogen (which takes up 78% of our atmosphere) and water. The atmosphere remained like this for the next couple hundred years.
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In the last few hundred years, people started using more and more fossil fuels. This increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, resulting in global warming
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