Rise of Rome
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- Early people moved into the Italian peninsula as nomadic hunters and gatherers. Humans lived in small groups and did not have any permanent settlements. They also had very limited technology and the human population was low.
- The rise of Rome began centuries before the city was even established. Rome’s rise began when humans around the Tiber River advanced from hunting and gathering to lowly farming communities. These people developed irrigation from the river for the beginnings of farms and stable, stationary settlements. They also began to domesticate animals such as sheep, and cows, that provided work power and food.
- Over time humans mastered the techniques of farming and animal domestication. By doing this they had large amounts of food to spare and this allowed for the population to increase. This food surplus allowed for humans to pursue careers in other fields. By having these specialized jobs humans were to develop more advanced technologies.
- When advanced civilizations developed they came in the form of large towns or small cities. Rome was at one time a small city state that had it’s own institutions, writing, technology, and specialized workers. Rome at this time was constantly at war with the neighboring city states. Like most city states of the time Rome was ruled completely by a king for much of it’s early history.
- From a kingdom, Rome became a republic that was ruled by magistrates who were elected by representative assemblies. Specialized workers became very common among citizens. Many were artisans and tool smiths who worked to support other professions such as military members. Religion became a common activity for many and mathematics and philosophy became valuable skills. Some, even lived as philosophers, mathematicians and astronomers, for example Cicero, Lucretius and Marcus Aurelius.
- Rome developed even further from its small city state to a full-fledged empire. Rome had gained and grown fine systems of economy, military, religion, and politics. Trade among the citizens was healthy, and men would join the military as cavalry or infantry. Temples and shrines were built to worship gods and goddesses in the city center and other areas, and advancing from a republic, to an Empire first ruled by Augustus. The empire expanded out with its capital remaining in Rome, until under the rule of Constantine I, the capital changed to the city of Constantinople. Image Citation: "Roman Empire." Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2014.
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