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- This village behind me, is one of the villages located in the vast historical site, Machu Picchu. Tucked away in the rocky country side, this fortress was believed to be a scared religious site for Incan leaders. Built without the wheel, this 7,710 ft. elevated fortress was created by the 9th Incan ruler, Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui. (Shown in the back) This marvelous artifact had remained undetected by the Spaniards, when they wiped out the Incans in the 16th century, and was only discovered by the American explorer, Hiram Bingham, in 1911. Ever since, this ancient site is now known as Peru's best tourist attraction and also is among the 7 wonders of the world.
- Next to me lies the creation of the modern day mystery, the Nazca Lines. Built by the Incans to, supposedly, please their gods, these geoglyphs are etched into the desert sand and cover an immense, 620 sq. miles. These etchings include about 300 different figures, including animals and plants, that can stretch for more than 4 miles long. (Shown above) Archeologists still ponder in how the Incan civilization managed to create such huge and preserved drawings using only primitive tools.
- Although it might not seem like anything, these little strings, called Quipus, helped many archaeologists figure out the daily life and history of the Incan Empire. These Quipus is ancient Inca device that recorded information and communicated through variously colored threads. They were commonly created with cotton or fiber cords. 
- Like many other Mesoamerican empires, the Incans followed a Polytheistic religion. Associated with natural forces, various gods were worshipped by the Incan civilization. The Incans believed that these gods had to be kept happy at all times, especially the main sun god, Inti. Animal sacrifices took place to please the gods, and annual ceremonies were held in their honor.
- Unlike many of the surronding Mesoamerican civilizations, the Incan empire wasn't popular in doing human sacrifices. Instead, many Incans sacrificed animals like Llamas or Guinea Pigs, all in the means to make their gods happy. These sacrifices were held as a way to prevent the gods from putting forward a "doomsday", in which the entire Earth would end. 
- Even without the wheel, the Incans engineered magnificent road systems and bridges. Their infrastructure advancements expanded and reinforced several smaller pre-existing networks of roads with a maintenance system that would protect such networks. These networks cleared the way for the exchange of people and, in total, made up 25,000 miles, leading the Incans to success.    
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